After a pilot phase to demonstrate the feasibility of the project and to determine conditions for the implementation of an epidemiological study in a population of several thousand children,
the second part of the EPICE program focusing on cardiac arrhythmias started in May 2009 in collaboration with Bryansk Diagnostic Center (Russia).
The purpose of this cross-sectional study was
to determine the prevalence of cardiac arrhythmias (in terms of the territory contamination and caesium-137 whole-body burden in the study population) in the southwestern part of Russia close to the Ukrainian and Belorussian borders,
and to assess whether or not caesium-137 was an associated factor in the occurrence of cardiac arrhythmias.
To solve these questions,
a measurement campaign was conducted on 18,152 children aged 2 to 18 years old during four years. It consisted of performing systematically an electrocardiogram, a cardiac ultrasound and an assessment of the caesium-137 whole-body activity for the entire population of the study. In addition, some children also benefited from a 24-hour monitoring of cardiac electrical parameters (Holter) as well as a biological assessment of major plasma cardiac biomarkers.
Crude prevalence of cardiac arrhythmia in the Bryansk region (2009-2013)
Crude prevalence of cardiac arrhythmia estimated in contamined territories was significantly lower in children
aged 2-18 years than in uncontaminated territories.
Crude prevalence of cardiac arrhythmia in the Bryansk region
considering caesium-137 burden (2009-2013)
Crude prevalence of cardiac arrhythmia estimated does not differ significantly between contamined children and children whose caesium-137 contamination is undetectable.
All of these medical examinations diagnosed
2,526 children with cardiac arrhythmia. As a result of a thorough statistical analysis of the data collected on the field, over the period 2009-2013, the prevalence of cardiac arrhythmias estimated in the contaminated territories is significantly lower than in the controlled territories. With regard to caesium-137 whole-body burden, no association could be demonstrated.
Therefore, caesium-137 is not an associated factor in the occurrence of cardiac arrhythmia in the frame of the study.
This epidemiological study, which is unique in terms of its size and the quantity of data collected, thus provides well-documented answers regarding non-cancerous radiation-induced effects in children living in Russian contaminated territories by the fallout from the Chernobyl accident, issue which is widely discussed for many years.
This article, published in BMJ Open (open access version of the prestigious journal The British Medical Journal), is the first in a series of future publications on the results of the EPICE program, including the conclusions of a study on a large-scale screening of lens opacities in a similar group of children living in the same region of Russia.
Download the article published in BMJ Open “Is exposure to ionising radiation associated with childhood cardiac arrhythmia in the Russian territories contaminated by the Chernobyl fallout? A cross-sectional population-based study” (PDF, 408 Ko)